The warm weather is finally here, and you’re ready to tackle your lawn with your trusty Craftsman riding mower. But then it happens: you turn the key, and nothing. The engine sputters, coughs, and then falls silent. You’ve encountered the dreaded “won’t start” problem, and it’s time to roll up your sleeves and get to work. This guide will walk you through the common reasons your old Craftsman riding mower won’t start, and provide step-by-step instructions on how to troubleshoot and get your mower running again. Whether you’re a seasoned mechanic or a weekend warrior, this article will equip you with the knowledge to conquer this common mower problem.
A Quick Overview
Starting an old Craftsman riding mower can be a challenge, but it’s usually not a complex process. The most common reasons for a mower not starting are related to fuel, spark, or a dead battery. By systematically checking these elements and implementing the appropriate solutions, you’ll be back to mowing your lawn in no time.
Understanding Your Old Craftsman Riding Mower
Before diving into troubleshooting, it’s helpful to understand the basic components of your Craftsman riding mower and how they work together to bring it to life.
Understanding the Engine
The heart of your mower is the engine. It’s a gasoline-powered motor that converts fuel into mechanical energy, driving the wheels and blades. Here’s a simplified breakdown of the engine’s components:
- Fuel System: This system is responsible for delivering fuel to the engine. It includes the fuel tank, fuel lines, fuel filter, and carburetor.
- Ignition System: This system creates the spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture, triggering combustion. It includes the spark plugs, spark plug wires, and ignition coil.
- Cooling System: This system keeps the engine from overheating. It typically uses air to cool the engine, but some models may have liquid-cooled systems.
Understanding the Starting System
The starting system is responsible for turning the engine over and getting it running. It includes:
- Battery: Provides electrical power to the starter motor.
- Starter Motor: A powerful electric motor that spins the engine crankshaft.
- Starter Switch: A switch that activates the starter motor when you turn the key.
- Ignition Switch: Controls the flow of electrical current to the ignition system.
Troubleshooting Your Craftsman Mower’s Starting Issues
Now that you have a basic understanding of how your mower works, let’s tackle the most common reasons why it won’t start.
1. Check the Fuel System
The most common reason for a mower not starting is a fuel-related issue. Here’s how to check your fuel system:
a) Check for Fuel
- Step 1: Open the fuel cap and check the fuel level. Make sure the tank is at least half full.
- Step 2: If the tank is low, add fresh, clean gasoline.
- Step 3: It’s also a good idea to add a fuel stabilizer to the tank, especially if you’re storing the mower for extended periods.
b) Inspect the Fuel Lines and Fuel Filter
- Step 1: Visually inspect the fuel lines for cracks, leaks, or kinks. Replace any damaged lines.
- Step 2: The fuel filter prevents debris from entering the carburetor. Inspect the filter and replace it if it’s clogged or dirty.
c) Check the Carburetor
- Step 1: The carburetor is responsible for mixing fuel and air. If it’s clogged, it can prevent the engine from getting the fuel it needs.
- Step 2: Consult your owner’s manual or search online for instructions on how to clean your specific model’s carburetor.
2. Check the Ignition System
If your mower has fuel but won’t start, the problem may be with the ignition system.
a) Check the Spark Plugs
- Step 1: The spark plug is essential for igniting the fuel-air mixture.
- Step 2: Remove the spark plug and inspect it. The electrode should be clean and free of carbon deposits. If it’s heavily fouled, clean it with a wire brush or replace it with a new one.
- Step 3: To check for spark, connect the spark plug wire to the spark plug and hold the plug against the engine block while turning the key to the start position. You should see a blue spark. If you don’t see a spark, the problem may be with the spark plug wire or the ignition coil.
b) Check the Spark Plug Wires
- Step 1: Inspect the spark plug wires for cracks, breaks, or frayed insulation.
- Step 2: If any damage is found, replace the wire.
- Step 3: Also, ensure the wire is securely connected to the spark plug and the ignition coil.
c) Check the Ignition Coil
- Step 1: The ignition coil produces the high-voltage electricity that ignites the spark plug.
- Step 2: If you’ve checked the spark plug and wire and still don’t see a spark, the ignition coil may be faulty. You can test the coil with a multimeter or replace it with a new one.
3. Check the Battery
A dead battery is another common reason for a mower not starting.
- Step 1: Use a voltmeter to check the battery voltage.
- Step 2: A fully charged battery should read around 12.6 volts. If the battery is low, charge it or replace it with a new one.
4. Check the Starter Motor
If your battery is charged but the starter motor doesn’t turn the engine over, there may be a problem with the starter motor itself.
- Step 1: Inspect the starter motor for damage or loose connections.
- Step 2: You can also try tapping the starter motor with a hammer to dislodge any debris that may be preventing it from turning.
- Step 3: If the starter motor is still not working, it may need to be replaced.
5. Check the Air Filter
A clogged air filter restricts airflow to the engine, making it difficult to start.
- Step 1: Inspect the air filter and clean or replace it if it’s dirty.
6. Check the Choke
The choke enriches the fuel-air mixture, making it easier to start a cold engine.
- Step 1: If your mower is cold, make sure the choke is engaged.
- Step 2: After the engine starts, gradually disengage the choke.
7. Check for Loose or Broken Wires
Loose or broken wires can prevent the electrical system from working correctly.
- Step 1: Inspect all electrical connections, including the battery terminals, spark plug wires, and starter motor connections.
- Step 2: Tighten any loose connections and repair or replace any broken wires.
8. Check for Stuck Valves
If the valves in the engine are stuck open or closed, the engine won’t start.
- Step 1: Consult your owner’s manual or search online for instructions on how to check and adjust your valves.
9. Check for Fuel Leaks
A fuel leak can prevent the engine from getting the fuel it needs to start.
- Step 1: Inspect the fuel lines, carburetor, and fuel tank for any leaks.
- Step 2: Repair any leaks before attempting to start the engine.
10. Check for a Fuel Shutoff Valve
Some Craftsman riding mowers have a fuel shutoff valve.
- Step 1: Make sure the valve is open before attempting to start the engine.
Getting Your Old Craftsman Riding Mower Running Again
Once you’ve identified and addressed the problem, it’s time to try starting your mower again.
- Step 1: Make sure the parking brake is engaged and the mower is on a level surface.
- Step 2: Turn the key to the “on” position and wait a few seconds to allow the fuel system to prime.
- Step 3: If the engine is cold, engage the choke.
- Step 4: Turn the key to the “start” position and hold it until the engine starts.
- Step 5: Once the engine is running, gradually disengage the choke.
Maintaining Your Craftsman Mower
Regular maintenance is crucial for keeping your Craftsman riding mower running smoothly and preventing future starting problems. Here are some key maintenance tasks:
- Change the Oil: Change the engine oil and oil filter regularly, following the recommendations in your owner’s manual.
- Clean the Air Filter: Clean or replace the air filter every few uses, especially if you mow in dusty conditions.
- Inspect and Clean the Spark Plugs: Inspect and clean or replace the spark plugs every season.
- Check and Clean the Fuel System: Inspect the fuel lines and filter for leaks or clogs, and clean or replace them as needed.
- Clean the Carburetor: Clean the carburetor every season or if you notice any performance issues.
- Check the Battery: Check the battery voltage regularly and charge or replace it if it’s low.
- Grease the Bearings: Grease the wheel bearings and other moving parts regularly to prevent wear and tear.
Conclusion
Starting an old Craftsman riding mower may seem daunting at first, but by following these troubleshooting steps and practicing regular maintenance, you can keep your mower running smoothly for years to come. Remember, patience and a systematic approach are key to identifying and addressing the problem. So, grab your tools, put on your mechanic hat, and get ready to conquer that stubborn Craftsman!
FAQ
1. How do I check if the battery is good?
You can test your battery using a multimeter. Set the meter to the DC voltage setting, then touch the red probe to the positive terminal and the black probe to the negative terminal. If the battery reads 12.6 volts or higher, it is fully charged. A reading between 12.4 and 12.6 volts means the battery is partially charged. A reading below 12.4 volts indicates a weak battery.
If the battery is weak, try charging it fully. If it still doesn’t hold a charge, you’ll need to replace it. Make sure the battery terminals are clean and free of corrosion before connecting it to the mower.
2. How do I clean the carburetor?
You can clean the carburetor by removing it from the engine and soaking it in a carburetor cleaner solution. Follow the instructions on the cleaner bottle carefully. Once it’s soaked, use compressed air to blow out any remaining debris.
Reassemble the carburetor and reinstall it on the engine. You may need to adjust the idle speed and air-fuel mixture after cleaning. Refer to your owner’s manual for instructions on how to adjust these settings.
3. What should I do if the engine won’t start?
There are a few things you can try if the engine won’t start. First, check the spark plug to make sure it’s clean and has a good spark. You can also check the fuel lines to ensure they are not clogged.
If you still can’t get the engine to start, you may need to check the ignition system. If the spark plug is not sparking, there may be a problem with the ignition coil or the spark plug wire. You can also check the fuel pump to make sure it is delivering fuel to the carburetor.
4. How do I check the oil level?
The oil level should be checked regularly, especially before each use. Find the dipstick, which is typically located on the side of the engine. Pull it out and wipe it clean. Then, reinsert the dipstick and pull it out again. The oil level should be within the marked lines on the dipstick.
If the oil level is low, add more oil of the correct type. Refer to your owner’s manual for the recommended oil type for your mower. Never overfill the oil, as it can damage the engine.
5. How do I change the air filter?
A clean air filter is crucial for the proper operation of your engine. It prevents dirt and debris from entering the engine and causing damage. To change the air filter, you’ll need to locate the air filter housing. It’s typically located on top of the engine.
Open the housing and remove the old air filter. Insert a new air filter of the correct size and type. Make sure the air filter is seated properly and then close the air filter housing.
6. How often should I change the spark plug?
Changing the spark plug is a regular maintenance task for your riding lawnmower. It’s recommended to change the spark plug every 100 hours of use or annually, whichever comes first. A worn-out spark plug can cause engine misfires and difficulty starting.
To change the spark plug, use a spark plug wrench to remove the old spark plug. Install a new spark plug of the correct type and tighten it to the specified torque.
7. How do I maintain the blades?
Maintaining the blades is crucial for a smooth cut. It’s recommended to sharpen the blades at least once a year or more often if you notice dulling. You can sharpen them yourself using a sharpening stone or take them to a professional for sharpening.
Also, check the blades for damage. Any cracks or bends should be repaired or replaced. This ensures optimal performance and safety during mowing.