The warm weather has finally arrived, and it’s time to tackle that overgrown lawn. But your trusty John Deere riding lawnmower has been sitting idle all winter, and now it’s refusing to cooperate. Don’t worry, you don’t have to call a mechanic just yet. This article will guide you through the common issues that prevent older John Deere riding mowers from starting and provide step-by-step solutions to get your mower humming again. We’ll cover everything from basic troubleshooting to potential repairs, ensuring you can conquer your lawn with confidence.
A Quick Overview of Starting Issues
Older John Deere riding lawn mowers, like any aging machine, can experience various starting problems. The most common culprits are:
- Dead Battery: A weak or dead battery is the most frequent reason for a mower not starting.
- Fuel Issues: Old fuel can gum up the carburetor and prevent proper ignition.
- Spark Plug Problems: A fouled or worn spark plug can disrupt the spark needed to ignite the fuel.
- Choke Issues: If the choke isn’t functioning correctly, the engine won’t receive the necessary fuel-air mixture.
- Starter Motor Problems: The starter motor, responsible for turning the engine, can fail or become faulty.
Now let’s delve deeper into each issue and explore the solutions.
1. Check the Battery
The battery is the heart of your riding lawnmower, providing the electrical power to start the engine. Before attempting any other troubleshooting, make sure your battery is in good condition.
1.1 Testing the Battery
- Visual Inspection: Start by checking the battery terminals for corrosion. A white powdery substance indicates corrosion, which can hinder the flow of electricity.
- Voltage Test: Use a voltmeter to check the battery voltage. A fully charged battery should read around 12.6 volts. A reading below 12 volts indicates a weak battery.
1.2 Jump Starting the Battery
If the battery is low, you can try jump starting it using another car or a battery charger.
- Connect the Jumper Cables: Attach the red jumper cable to the positive (+) terminal of the mower battery. Then connect the other end of the red cable to the positive terminal of the car battery. Connect the black cable to the negative (-) terminal of the car battery, and then connect the other end of the black cable to a metal grounding point on the mower’s frame, away from the battery.
- Start the Car: Start the car and let it run for a few minutes.
- Attempt to Start the Mower: Turn the key to start the mower.
If the mower starts successfully after jump starting, it means the battery needs to be replaced or recharged.
2. Dealing with Fuel Problems
Old fuel can become stale and varnish-like, clogging the carburetor and preventing proper fuel flow.
2.1 Draining and Replacing the Fuel
- Locate the Fuel Tank: Find the fuel tank on your mower and carefully remove the cap.
- Drain the Old Fuel: Use a siphon pump or a clean container to drain the old fuel from the tank.
- Refill with Fresh Fuel: Refill the tank with fresh, high-octane gasoline.
2.2 Cleaning the Carburetor
If the fuel system is still clogged, you might need to clean the carburetor.
- Disconnect the Fuel Lines: Disconnect the fuel lines leading to the carburetor.
- Remove the Carburetor: Carefully remove the carburetor from the engine.
- Clean the Carburetor: Use a carburetor cleaner and a small brush to thoroughly clean all the parts of the carburetor, including the jets and passages.
- Reassemble the Carburetor: Reassemble the carburetor and reinstall it on the engine.
3. Inspecting the Spark Plug
The spark plug delivers the spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture in the engine. A faulty or fouled spark plug can prevent your mower from starting.
3.1 Locating and Removing the Spark Plug
- Find the Spark Plug: Locate the spark plug on the engine. It is typically a ceramic cylinder with a wire connected to it.
- Remove the Spark Plug: Use a spark plug socket wrench to remove the spark plug.
3.2 Checking the Spark Plug
- Inspect the Electrode: Look at the electrode of the spark plug. It should be a clean, silver color. If it is black or coated in deposits, it needs to be replaced.
- Check the Spark Gap: Use a spark plug gap gauge to measure the gap between the electrode and the center electrode. The gap should be within the manufacturer’s specifications, typically between .030 and .040 inches.
3.3 Replacing the Spark Plug
If the spark plug is damaged or fouled, replace it with a new one of the correct type and size.
4. Troubleshooting the Choke
The choke enriches the fuel-air mixture when starting a cold engine. A malfunctioning choke can prevent the engine from starting.
4.1 Checking the Choke Mechanism
- Manual Choke: If your mower has a manual choke, make sure the lever is fully engaged when starting a cold engine. Then, gradually release the choke as the engine warms up.
- Automatic Choke: If your mower has an automatic choke, the mechanism might be stuck. Check the choke cable for any binding or damage. You might need to adjust or replace the choke cable if necessary.
5. Examining the Starter Motor
The starter motor engages the flywheel and starts the engine. A faulty starter motor can prevent your mower from starting.
5.1 Checking the Starter Motor
- Listen for Clicking Sounds: When you turn the key, listen for clicking sounds from the starter motor. Clicking usually indicates a faulty starter motor.
- Check the Starter Motor Connections: Inspect the connections to the starter motor for loose or corroded wires.
- Test the Starter Motor: If you have a multimeter, you can test the starter motor for continuity.
5.2 Replacing the Starter Motor
If the starter motor is faulty, you will need to replace it with a new one.
6. Seeking Professional Help
If you’ve followed all of these troubleshooting steps and your John Deere riding mower still won’t start, it’s time to call in a professional mechanic. A mechanic can diagnose more complex issues, such as fuel pump problems, ignition system problems, or engine damage.
Conclusion
Starting an older John Deere riding lawnmower can sometimes be a challenge, but with a bit of knowledge and patience, you can often resolve the issue yourself. By carefully checking the battery, fuel system, spark plug, choke, and starter motor, you can identify the problem and get your mower running smoothly again. Remember to consult your owner’s manual for specific instructions and parts information for your particular model. Enjoy those warm days mowing your lawn with your trusty John Deere!
FAQs
1. What should I do if my John Deere riding lawnmower won’t start?
Firstly, check the basics. Ensure you have fresh fuel, a charged battery, and the mower is in neutral. If it still won’t start, inspect the spark plug, air filter, and fuel lines for any blockages or damage. These components can hinder the engine’s ability to fire up. If you have a manual, consult it for specific troubleshooting steps for your model.
Once you’ve eliminated these common culprits, you may need to investigate further. Check the fuel pump for proper operation and inspect the carburetor for signs of dirt or debris. If you’re not comfortable working on the carburetor, it’s best to seek professional assistance.
2. How do I change the oil in my older John Deere riding lawnmower?
Locate the oil drain plug beneath the engine. Place a drain pan underneath to catch the old oil. Unscrew the plug and let the oil drain completely. Once drained, replace the plug and tighten it securely. Next, locate the oil fill cap on the engine and pour in the appropriate amount of fresh oil recommended in your owner’s manual.
It’s important to use the correct type of oil specified for your model. Checking your manual for the proper viscosity and type is crucial for optimal engine performance and longevity. You should also replace the oil filter at the same time for a complete oil change.
3. How often should I change the oil in my John Deere riding lawnmower?
The frequency of oil changes depends on the type of oil used, your mowing habits, and the recommended interval in your owner’s manual. However, a general guideline is to change the oil every 50 hours of use or at least once a year.
This ensures the engine remains lubricated and prevents wear and tear. Regularly checking the oil level is crucial for preventing damage. If the oil is low, top it up with the correct type of oil.
4. How do I sharpen the blades on my John Deere riding lawnmower?
Sharpening the blades is essential for a clean cut and optimal mowing performance. First, disconnect the spark plug to prevent accidental starting. Use a wrench to remove the blades from the mower deck. Then, use a sharpening stone or file to sharpen the cutting edge of the blades, maintaining a consistent angle.
Ensure the blades are sharpened evenly to prevent uneven cuts and scalping. Once sharpened, reassemble the blades on the mower deck and tighten them securely. Make sure the blade is correctly mounted with the correct orientation to ensure a smooth and safe operation.
5. How do I adjust the cutting height on my John Deere riding lawnmower?
Most John Deere riding lawnmowers have a lever or knob to adjust the cutting height. Consult your owner’s manual for the specific location and mechanism.
To adjust the height, simply move the lever or knob to the desired setting. Make sure all four wheels are on level ground and that the mower is in park mode before adjusting. It’s essential to check the cutting height before each mowing session to ensure an even and consistent cut.
6. How do I know if my John Deere riding lawnmower needs a new battery?
A dead or dying battery is a common culprit for a non-starting mower. Signs of a failing battery include slow cranking, dim lights, or the engine not turning over at all.
You can test the battery with a voltmeter or take it to an auto parts store for a free test. If the battery is faulty, replace it with a new one of the correct size and type specified in your owner’s manual. Ensure you connect the battery terminals correctly to prevent damage and ensure safe operation.
7. What are some common maintenance tasks I should perform on my older John Deere riding lawnmower?
Besides regular oil changes, cleaning, and blade sharpening, several other maintenance tasks will keep your John Deere in good working order. These include cleaning the air filter, checking and adjusting the belts, inspecting the tires for wear, and lubricating moving parts.
A clean air filter allows for proper airflow to the engine, ensuring optimal performance. Worn belts can slip and cause damage, so inspecting and replacing them as needed is crucial. Inspecting the tires for wear and adjusting tire pressure ensures smooth operation and prevents damage. Regular lubrication of moving parts like the wheels and deck helps prevent rust and extends the lifespan of your machine.